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How to overcome ADHD without medication. This 96 page book gives practical ideas on how parents and educators can help children to overcome symptoms associated with ADHD, without a prescription. Proven methods, many references, footnotes, bibliography, index, recommended reading and agencies.
Safe Eyes parental internet control software is an excellent program tested and endorsed by the AYCNP.
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| Page last updated: April 16, 2009 |
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Bipolar Disorder Overdiagnosed
Using a self-administered questionnaire, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) and a review of family history, the research team found that "fewer than half" the patients actually had bipolar disorder based on these diagnostic tools. (June 2008). Dr. Zimmerman at Brown Medical School
In July 2009 a study of 82 patients previously (erroneously) diagnosed with bipolar disorder revealed that the vast majority - 68 of the 82 (82.9%) - had major depression.
The majority of the others had eating disorders, anxiety disorders, borderline personality disorder, impulse control disorders, and other disorders, rather than bipolar disorder, according to the DSM-IV (SCID) test.
"It is typically treated with mood-stabilizing drugs that can have side effects -- including effects on the kidneys, liver, and metabolic and immune systems, and means some patients are likely not getting the appropriate care for the problems they do have."
"The results of this study suggest that bipolar disorder is being over-diagnosed," Zimmerman says. Such instances are cause for significant concern given the serious side effects of mood stabilizing drugs-the standard treatment for bipolar disorder-which include possible impact to renal, endocrine, hepatic, immunologic, and metabolic functions. Patients and physicians are both susceptible to the misdiagnosis. Some patients "are looking for a magic pill that will cure all ills," Zimmerman told the Providence Journal, as a way to skirt the difficult work of psychotherapy.
"Clinicians are inclined to diagnose disorders they feel more comfortable treating," what they know about.
Patients and Physicians are both susceptible to misdiagnosis.
Patients are looking for a magic pill that will cure all ills.
Many want to bypass the difficult work of psychotherapy and working through problems
Pharmaceutical vigorously market the false idea that bipolar disorder is underdiagnosed.
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Dr. Zimmerman is associate professor of psychiatry and human behavior and director of outpatient psychiatry at Rhode Island Hospital.
The research team interviewed 700 psychiatric outpatients between May 2001 and March 2005 using a comprehensive, standardized tool of psychiatric diagnosis-the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID).
"The increased availability of medications approved for the treatment of bipolar disorder," Zimmerman notes, "might be influencing clinicians unsure whether a patient has bipolar disorder or borderline personality disorder to err on the side of diagnosing the disorder that is medication responsive. This bias," he continues, "is reinforced by the marketing message of pharmaceutical companies, which has emphasized the literature on the under-recognition of bipolar disorder, and may be sensitizing clinicians to avoid missing the diagnosis of bipolar disorder."
Zimmerman concludes that clinicians should use a standardized, validated assessment method like the structured clinical interview to diagnose bipolar disorder.
References:
1. Not So Fast -New research suggests bipolar disorder is over-diagnosed. (Summer 2008)
Brown Education Faculty Update. Vol. XXVIII No. 2.
2. Is Bipolar Disorder Overdiagnosed? Mark Zimmerman, M.D.; Camilo J. Ruggero, Ph.D.; Iwona Chelminski, Ph.D.; and Diane Young, Ph.D. (May 6,2008).
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry www.psychiatrist.com/
3. Psychiatric Diagnoses in Patients Previously Overdiagnosed With Bipolar Disorder. Mark Zimmerman, MD; Camilo J. Ruggero, PhD; Iwona Chelminski, PhD; and Diane Young, PhD. (July 24, 2009). The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
www.psychiatrist.com/
Excellent book on this subject as it relates to children
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